Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) is one of the world’s largest and most influential independent Islamic organizations, headquartered in Indonesia. Renowned for its commitment to moderate Islam, religious tolerance, and community upliftment, NU has played a pivotal role in shaping Indonesia’s Islamic identity. Founded in 1926 by leading scholars such as Hasyim Asy’ari, the organization emerged in response to rising reformist and puritanical movements within the broader Muslim world, particularly those rooted in the Middle East.
Origins and Purpose
The term “Nahdlatul Ulama” translates to “Awakening of the Scholars,” underscoring the organization’s founding mission: to uphold traditional Sunni Islam (especially the Shafi’i school of thought) and to safeguard local Islamic traditions in Indonesia. NU was established to support the role of traditional ulema and to counter the influence of modernist and Wahhabi-inspired ideologies that threatened local religious expressions.
Core Beliefs and Teachings
Central to NU’s identity is the concept of “Islam Nusantara” — an Indonesian interpretation of Islam that blends orthodox belief with indigenous culture, mysticism, and a spirit of social harmony. NU advocates for:
- Moderation (wasatiyyah)
- Tolerance and interfaith respect
- Democracy and civil society
- Non-violence and peaceful coexistence
These values closely align with Indonesia’s pluralistic and secular national framework, making NU a key force in promoting inclusive and peaceful religious practice across the country.
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