In today’s world, marked by widespread inequality, war, and injustice, migration has become an undeniable reality for millions seeking safety, stability, or better opportunities. While Islam supports the idea of seeking improved conditions for oneself and one’s family, it also emphasizes the importance of justice, ethical conduct, and respect for laws. This brings us to a crucial question: Is illegal migration permissible in Islam?
Migration in the Light of Islamic Teachings
Migration holds a respected place in Islamic tradition. One of the most significant events in Islamic history is the Hijrah—the migration of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and his companions from Makkah to Madinah. This journey was undertaken to escape persecution and to practice Islam freely. It was a move rooted in the preservation of faith and life.
The Qur’an addresses the concept of migration, especially in situations where one’s safety or religious freedom is at stake:
“Was not the earth of Allah spacious enough for you to emigrate therein?”
(Surah An-Nisa, 4:97)
This verse highlights that when a person is subjected to oppression or harm, seeking refuge elsewhere is not only permissible but often necessary.
However, it’s important to understand the context. This form of migration—Hijrah—refers specifically to fleeing from danger, persecution, or religious suppression. It does not refer to illegal migration for purely economic reasons, especially when it involves breaking the laws of the land or causing harm to others.